diff --git a/flabk-derive/src/lib.rs b/flabk-derive/src/lib.rs
index 3b71849..a8d8e98 100644
--- a/flabk-derive/src/lib.rs
+++ b/flabk-derive/src/lib.rs
@@ -3,16 +3,18 @@ use proc_macro::TokenStream;
 use quote::quote;
 use syn::{parse_macro_input, DeriveInput};
 
-#[proc_macro_derive(IRI)]
-pub fn derive_iri(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+#[proc_macro_derive(LD)]
+pub fn derive_ld(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
     let DeriveInput { ident, .. } = parse_macro_input!(input);
     quote! {
-        impl std::str::FromStr for #ident {
-            type Err = ();
-            fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        impl crate::astreams::serde_ext::LDObject for #ident {
+            fn from_iri(s: &str) -> Self {
                 let mut ident = #ident::default();
                 ident.id = s.into();
-                Ok(ident)
+                ident
+            }
+            fn get_iri(&self) -> String {
+                self.id.clone()
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/flabk/src/astreams/context.rs b/flabk/src/astreams/context.rs
index b820123..530824a 100644
--- a/flabk/src/astreams/context.rs
+++ b/flabk/src/astreams/context.rs
@@ -2,22 +2,26 @@ use std::str::FromStr;
 
 use serde::Deserialize;
 
+use super::serde_ext::LDObject;
+
 pub const CONTEXT_ID: &str = "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams";
 
 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
-pub struct Context {
+pub struct APContext {
     pub id: Option<String>,
     #[serde(rename = "@context")]
     pub ctx: ContextMap,
 }
 
-impl FromStr for Context {
-    type Err = ();
-
-    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+impl LDObject for APContext {
+    fn from_iri(iri: &str) -> Self {
         let mut ctx = Self::default();
-        ctx.id = Some(s.into());
-        Ok(ctx)
+        ctx.id = Some(iri.into());
+        ctx
+    }
+
+    fn get_iri(&self) -> String {
+        self.id.clone().unwrap_or_default()
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/flabk/src/astreams/mod.rs b/flabk/src/astreams/mod.rs
index 4177c9f..ec9d8fa 100644
--- a/flabk/src/astreams/mod.rs
+++ b/flabk/src/astreams/mod.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
-use flabk_derive::{Resolvable, IRI};
+use flabk_derive::LD;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
+use crate::astreams::resolve::Resolvable;
+
 use self::{
-    context::APContext,
     resolve::ResolveError,
-    serde_ext::{expand_partial, into_vec},
+    serde_ext::{expand_partial, expand_partial_into_vec, into_vec},
 };
 
 pub mod context;
@@ -155,14 +156,14 @@ pub struct APResult {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Default)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ObjectBase {
-    #[serde(rename = "@context")]
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "expand_partial")]
-    pub ap_context: APContext,
+    // #[serde(rename = "@context")]
+    // #[serde(deserialize_with = "expand_partial")]
+    // pub ap_context: APContext,
     pub name: Option<String>,
     pub name_map: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec")]
+    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec", default = "Vec::new")]
     pub attachment: Vec<Attachment>,
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec")]
+    #[serde(deserialize_with = "expand_partial_into_vec")]
     pub attributed_to: Vec<Actor>,
     pub audience: Option<Audience>,
     pub media_type: Option<String>,
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ pub struct ObjectBase {
     pub start_time: Option<String>,
     pub end_time: Option<String>,
     pub generator: Option<Actor>,
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec")]
+    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec", default = "Vec::new")]
     pub icon: Vec<Link>,
     // omit in_reply_to
     pub location: Option<Location>,
@@ -182,21 +183,21 @@ pub struct ObjectBase {
     pub replies: Option<Collection<()>>, // TODO: type
     pub summary: Option<String>,
     pub summary_map: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec")]
+    #[serde(deserialize_with = "expand_partial_into_vec", default = "Vec::new")]
     pub tag: Vec<Actor>,
     // omit url for now: need to merge into_vec & expand_partial
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec")]
+    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec", default = "Vec::new")]
     pub to: Vec<String>,
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec")]
+    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec", default = "Vec::new")]
     pub bto: Vec<String>,
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec")]
+    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec", default = "Vec::new")]
     pub cc: Vec<String>,
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec")]
+    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec", default = "Vec::new")]
     pub bcc: Vec<String>,
     pub duration: Option<String>,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Resolvable, IRI, Default)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, LD, Default)]
 pub struct Object {
     #[serde(flatten)]
     pub base: ObjectBase,
@@ -227,7 +228,7 @@ pub struct Link {
 /// for all types of activities.
 /// It is important to note that the Activity type itself
 /// does not carry any specific semantics about the kind of action being taken.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Resolvable)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct Activity {
     #[serde(flatten)]
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@ pub struct Activity {
 
 /// Instances of IntransitiveActivity are a subtype of Activity
 /// representing intransitive actions.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Resolvable)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct IntransitiveActivity {
     #[serde(flatten)]
@@ -277,7 +278,7 @@ pub struct Basic {
     pub name: Option<String>,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, IRI, Default, Resolvable)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, LD, Default)]
 pub struct Actor {
     pub id: String,
     #[serde(rename = "type")]
@@ -290,23 +291,10 @@ pub struct Actor {
     pub conversation: Option<String>,
     pub url: Option<String>,
     #[serde(rename = "to")]
-    #[serde(deserialize_with = "pull_single_into_vec")]
+    #[serde(deserialize_with = "into_vec")]
     pub to_uris: Vec<String>,
 }
 
-pub enum ActorType {
-    Application,
-    Group,
-    Organization,
-    Person,
-    Service,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, IRI, Default)]
-pub struct Actor {
-    id: String,
-}
-
 pub async fn test() {
     let obj = r#"{
 		"@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
diff --git a/flabk/src/astreams/resolve.rs b/flabk/src/astreams/resolve.rs
index 4b1c086..91ff0ca 100644
--- a/flabk/src/astreams/resolve.rs
+++ b/flabk/src/astreams/resolve.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,28 @@
 use std::{future::Future, string::FromUtf8Error};
 
+use async_trait::async_trait;
 use reqwest::{Method, StatusCode};
+use serde::Deserialize;
+
+use super::serde_ext::LDObject;
 
 const LD_CONTENT_TYPE: &str = "application/ld+json";
 
+#[async_trait]
+pub(super) trait Resolvable: Sized {
+    async fn resolve(&self, resolver: &Resolver) -> Result<Self, ResolveError>;
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl<T> Resolvable for T
+where
+    T: LDObject + for<'de> Deserialize<'de> + Sync,
+{
+    async fn resolve(&self, resolver: &Resolver) -> Result<Self, ResolveError> {
+        resolver.resolve_into(self.get_iri()).await
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct ResolveError(pub String);
 
diff --git a/flabk/src/astreams/serde_ext.rs b/flabk/src/astreams/serde_ext.rs
index 39e6542..9e68392 100644
--- a/flabk/src/astreams/serde_ext.rs
+++ b/flabk/src/astreams/serde_ext.rs
@@ -1,22 +1,40 @@
-use std::{fmt, marker::PhantomData, str::FromStr};
+use std::{fmt, marker::PhantomData};
 
 use serde::{
     de::{self, MapAccess, Visitor},
     Deserialize, Deserializer,
 };
 
+pub trait LDObject {
+    fn from_iri(iri: &str) -> Self;
+    fn get_iri(&self) -> String;
+}
+
+impl<T> LDObject for Option<T>
+where
+    T: LDObject,
+{
+    fn from_iri(iri: &str) -> Self {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn get_iri(&self) -> String {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+
 // Allows a value that's a string to be expanded into an object (move string into id property via From<IRI>)
 // AND the serialization of that object itself
 pub fn expand_partial<'de, T, D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<T, D::Error>
 where
-    T: Deserialize<'de> + FromStr<Err = ()>,
+    T: Deserialize<'de> + LDObject,
     D: Deserializer<'de>,
 {
     struct BaseExpander<T>(PhantomData<fn() -> T>);
 
     impl<'de, T> Visitor<'de> for BaseExpander<T>
     where
-        T: Deserialize<'de> + FromStr<Err = ()>,
+        T: Deserialize<'de> + LDObject,
     {
         type Value = T;
 
@@ -28,7 +46,7 @@ where
         where
             E: de::Error,
         {
-            Ok(FromStr::from_str(value).unwrap())
+            Ok(LDObject::from_iri(value))
         }
 
         fn visit_map<M>(self, map: M) -> Result<T, M::Error>
@@ -42,18 +60,59 @@ where
     deserializer.deserialize_any(BaseExpander(PhantomData))
 }
 
+pub(super) fn expand_partial_into_vec<'de, T, D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Vec<T>, D::Error>
+where
+    T: Deserialize<'de> + LDObject,
+    D: Deserializer<'de>,
+{
+    struct BaseExpander<T>(PhantomData<fn() -> T>);
+
+    impl<'de, T> Visitor<'de> for BaseExpander<T>
+    where
+        T: Deserialize<'de> + LDObject,
+    {
+        type Value = Vec<T>;
+
+        fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+            formatter.write_str("string or map")
+        }
+        fn visit_str<E>(self, value: &str) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
+        where
+            E: de::Error,
+        {
+            Ok(vec![LDObject::from_iri(value)])
+        }
+
+        fn visit_map<M>(self, map: M) -> Result<Self::Value, M::Error>
+        where
+            M: MapAccess<'de>,
+        {
+            Deserialize::deserialize(de::value::MapAccessDeserializer::new(map)).map(|v| vec![v])
+        }
+
+        fn visit_seq<S>(self, visitor: S) -> Result<Self::Value, S::Error>
+        where
+            S: serde::de::SeqAccess<'de>,
+        {
+            Deserialize::deserialize(serde::de::value::SeqAccessDeserializer::new(visitor))
+        }
+    }
+
+    deserializer.deserialize_any(BaseExpander(PhantomData))
+}
+
 // Allows deserialization of a single item into a vector of that item
 // As long as they implement the From<String> trait
-pub(super) fn pull_single_into_vec<'de, D, Out>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Vec<Out>, D::Error>
+pub(super) fn into_vec<'de, D, Out>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Vec<Out>, D::Error>
 where
     D: Deserializer<'de>,
-    Out: From<String> + serde::Deserialize<'de>,
+    Out: serde::Deserialize<'de>,
 {
     struct VecVisitor<Out>(PhantomData<Vec<Out>>);
 
     impl<'de, Out> Visitor<'de> for VecVisitor<Out>
     where
-        Out: From<String> + serde::Deserialize<'de>,
+        Out: serde::Deserialize<'de>,
     {
         type Value = Vec<Out>;
 
@@ -66,7 +125,14 @@ where
         where
             E: serde::de::Error,
         {
-            Ok(vec![value.to_string().into()])
+            Deserialize::deserialize(de::value::StrDeserializer::new(value)).map(|v| vec![v])
+        }
+
+        fn visit_map<A>(self, map: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
+        where
+            A: MapAccess<'de>,
+        {
+            Deserialize::deserialize(de::value::MapAccessDeserializer::new(map)).map(|v| vec![v])
         }
 
         fn visit_seq<S>(self, visitor: S) -> Result<Self::Value, S::Error>
@@ -82,14 +148,14 @@ where
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use flabk_derive::IRI;
+    use flabk_derive::LD;
     use serde::Deserialize;
 
     use super::expand_partial;
 
     #[test]
     fn expand_partial_populates_iri_from_string() {
-        #[derive(Deserialize, IRI, Default)]
+        #[derive(Deserialize, LD, Default)]
         struct Context {
             pub id: String,
             pub context: bool,
@@ -111,7 +177,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn expand_partial_expands_into_object_fully() {
-        #[derive(Deserialize, IRI, Default)]
+        #[derive(Deserialize, LD, Default)]
         struct Expanded {
             pub id: String,
             pub truth: bool,